Social and Psychological Aspects of Drug Abuse Essays

Social and Psychological Aspects of Drug Abuse Essays Social and Psychological Aspects of Drug Abuse Essay Social and Psychological Aspects of Drug Abuse Essay Our society lived in a time where economic development, scientific and technological advancement dominates the different social sectors resulting to a paradigm shift of family concepts, health related issues, social menace, and deterioration of the basic unit of society- the family. The opening of borders for free trade and scientific and technological advancements’ exploitation of family foundations’ erosion are the factors that affect the rise of drug abuse. The Drug Abuse’s two fold aspects: sociological and psychological. Family’s stabilitybasic unit of society, environment and expectations are values important to children- as they shape attitudes, values and their behaviors in their relationship to their peers and to society as stressors. If families fail to shape these values; children will be influenced by his peers or society that led to alcohol or drug abuse. In 1977, The National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) revealed that several studies showed abnormal EEG’s results as well as psychological tests among drug users suggesting a poor memory and concentration, underdeveloped motor skills and disorientation. Also, in Press Done (1967 in NIDA’s Research Monograph 15, 1977) a third of their subjects who are drug users had the propensity to commit a crime because of serious judgment deficit they posses at the time and at the same time the misperception on what is real. Finally, the government should use its resources in helping those citizens who are already hooked to drug use by providing funds for rehabilitation and re-introduction of these people in the mainstream of society. Our society lived in a time where economic development, scientific advancement and technological superiority dominates its different sectors resulting to paradigm shift of family concepts, health related issues, social menace, and deterioration of its basic unit- the family. New development and new technologies bombards family in greater degree that its basic foundations are already eroded before it can respond. The opening of borders for free trade and scientific and technological advancements’ exploitation as well as the family foundations’ erosion is affecting the rise of drug abuse in our midst. The growing numbers of drug users if left unchecked may bring many governmental problems relating to health and sociological stability, a hindrance for having a vibrant and strong economy. Government cannot just simply ignore its effects while it erodes its socio-economic fundamentals as well as its decay if its people which is all important for having a stable state is ignored. Marsha Lillie-Blanton (1998) in a report for US Congress defined drug abuse as â€Å"the level of pattern of drug consumption and the severity and persistence of resulting functional problems.† It is when a person commits legal or an even interpersonal infraction in society, that a person is tested for drug use. Lillie-Blanton’s (1998) report states that scientific community are in agreement regarding the chemical as well as physical changes in brain as a result of drug abuse and at the same time identifying the scope of addiction’s physiological make-up including substantial behavioral and psychological aspects. Drug Abuse’s Sociological and Psychological Aspect Drug Abuse has two fold aspects: sociological and psychological. These two aspects interplay with each other affecting society in a wide range as well as changing lives across sociological spectrum. Sociology is the study of society and human social behavior while psychology is the study of mental process and behavior. By knowing these two aspects, we will be able to respond appropriately to its ill effects and at the same time institute corrective measures within and outside government and improve family relations as well as its foundations. Sociology. A fast sociological change that affects society we had is a great challenge to the influence and a stable family. As a source of strength, support and nurturance, the family owed its continued generational stability for community and culture. In a paper written by the United Nations International Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) entitled â€Å"The Social Impact of Drug Abuse† for the World Summit for Social Development, which was held at Copenhagen, Denmark in March 1995, gave four conceptual views of family and the understanding of these views will give us a society with a solid foundation in assessing the ill effects of drug abuse to society as a whole. The four family views are: 1) by protecting and sustaining its strong or weak members through stress or diseases while at the same time protecting its young and weak members; 2) tension, problems, and diseases found in the family strongly affect members influence of the   weaker members; 3) family as an institution that interact with social and community groups that includes peer groups, schools, fellow workers and bosses and religious groups; and 4) family as an â€Å"important point of intervention a natural organizational unit for transferring and building social and community values.† The socio-economic and technological fields’ rapid change resulted to the weakening of family values and foundations as an institution. Family stability, environment and expectations are values that important to children- for they shape attitudes, and behaviors in their relationship to their peers and the society as society stressors. If families fail to shape these values; children will be influenced by their peers or the society in that more often than not led to alcohol or drug abuse. In 1973, Kandel’s works states that peers influence the â€Å"use of marijuana than in any other activity or attitude.† This is the truth, for adult or youth’s peers greatly influence them compared to parents’ attitude; and this peer pressures influenced in greater degree drug abuse when parents abandoned their supervisory roles. As pointed out by UNDCP’s position paper, it is when parents â€Å"exercising traditional family roles [that they] may be able to limit the influence of peer groups on [their] childrens attitudes towards drug use and therefore have a crucial influence on childrens behaviour.† Traumatic divorce, autocratic type of discipline, communication gap, depressed family members, and parent use of drugs all led to an individual who will find solutions in the fold of illegal drugs or alcohol. Psychological. In 1977, The National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) revealed that several studies showed abnormal EEG’s results as well as psychological test, among drug users which suggests an impaired memory and concentration, poor motor skills and disorientation to those people who are under the grip of drug abuse. In UNDCP’s report, states that both alcohol and drug users exhibited psychiatric symptoms like depression. As to depth and extent of such depression, the said position paper failed to reveal; thus, just by thinking of it one will chill with the possibilities. It was also revealed that â€Å"dysfunctional drug or alcohol use† is an offshoot to an already present emotional illness; and more often than not clinical assessment will reveal   a dual diagnosis users, or the presence of more than two clinical conditions in an individual. Multiple problems in the family are also very common. Though addictive personality’s has no scientific bearing, its recognition is easy for â€Å"troubled persons-often exhibiting multiple symptoms-are easily recognized by expert and layman alike. Drug Abuse and Crime.   National Institute of Drug Abuse’s (NIDA) Research Monograph proffered evidence that shows the relationship between drug abuse and its victims with that of the commission of the crime for they show antisocial behaviors. In Cohen (1975 in NIDA’s Research Monograph 15, 1977) pointed out that these drug users had the diminished â€Å"behavioral capabilities long before motor activity is diminished. Also, in Press Done (1967 in NIDA’s Research Monograph 15, 1977) that a third of their subjects who are drug users had the propensity to commit a crime because of serious judgment deficit they posses at the time and at the same time a defect of perception on what is real. These above research findings are back up by Simon De Bruxelles’s report entitled â€Å"Out on the streets, drugs span the divide in a city of rich and poor† appearing on www.timesonline.co.uk. According to his report the Clifton’s suburbs had â€Å"8,000 ‘problematic’ addicts in Bristol and an estimated 25,000 other recreational and social users. Drugs affect every level of society in the city, from those whose cars are broken into to feed a habit to the people who find themselves living next to a crack house.† Conclusions The sociological and psychological aspect of drug abuse opened our eyes to the reality that this problem has deeper roots. These roots more often than not are not far but actually very near to us. Society through government should endeavor to build a strong and dynamic family foundation for it to be diminish if not totally eradicates the ill-effects of drug abuse. To fail in this challenge, the basic unit of society- the familywill have a poor foundation resulting to the rising criminal activities affecting peace and development of a country. Finally, the government should use its resources in helping those citizens who are already hooked to drug use by providing funds for rehabilitation and re-introduction of these people in the mainstream of society.

How Important For Companies Today To Be Ethical Management Essay Essays

How Important For Companies Today To Be Ethical Management Essay Essays How Important For Companies Today To Be Ethical Management Essay Essay How Important For Companies Today To Be Ethical Management Essay Essay The beginning of the 21rst century started with large dirts that raised some issues on corporate societal duty and on moralss policies inside companies. This essay says about the how of import is it companies to be seen as ethical s today? Yes because it will do to a win-win state of affairs for everybody concerned. If a company holding and keeping ethical criterions will vouch consumers and workers that they could belief the company. Meanwhile, Companies could be rest guaranteed that, with the belief of their stakeholders, their concern will go on to develop. Companies do nt hold to be lawfully but they can make morally Public involvement in concern has neer been higher than it has is presently. In sing the past 30 old ages of concern moralss experiences, two decisions may be drawn. attending in concern moralss has heightened during each past 40 decennaries. Interest in concern moralss and corporate societal duty seems to hold been spurred by major headline catching dirts. ( Sims 2003 ) This essay traces the basic thoughts of moralss and applied moralss taupe on company moralss theoretical position, and the of import of ethical behaviors, and stairss for developing an effectual codification of moralss, concern moralss in planetary economic system And some more farther information s are contains in this essay. Definition of Ethical motives The theory has come to intend assorted things to assorted people, but by and large in the context of organisations coming to cognize what it right or incorrect in the workplace and making what s right this is in observe to effects of products/services and in relationships with stakeholders such as employees, clients, providers, and local/national community. In times of cardinal alteration, values that were antecedently taken for granted are now strongly questioned. For illustration, life long employment is considered one of the best policies of organisations. However in the changed competitory state of affairss we find that retrenchment, presenting, outsourcing production systems raise inquiries about the cardinal premiss of antecedently laid down good patterns. Consequently, there is no clear moral compass to steer leaders through complex jobs about what is right or incorrect. Attention to moralss in the workplace sensitizes leaders and staff to how they should move. Possibly most of import, attending to moralss in the workplaces helps guarantee that when leaders and directors are fighting in times of crises and confusion, they retain a strong moral compass. ( web 1 ) What is concern moralss? Business moralss focuses on what is right and incorrect behavior in the concern word. It has to make with how concerns apply moral and ethical rules to state of affairss that arise in the work topographic point. Because concern determination shapers must frequently turn to more complex ethical issues in the work topographic point than they face in their personal lives, concern moralss is more complicated than personal moralss. ( Roger 2009 ) Why concern moralss is necessary During the early portion of the 2000s, the United kingdom populace was shocked as one concern moralss dirt after another became headline intelligence. Business moralss is necessary for companies, concern ethical is critical non because it is stylish though concern can ill afford to disregard anything, nevertheless silly, which earnestly influences the market in which it operates, instead concern moralss is necessary because ethical picks are ineluctable. The concern moralss challenge is to do that predictable ethical determination devising explicit so as to do it better. Army for the liberation of rwanda from being anti concern, concern moralss really provides indispensable support for maximizing long term proprietor value ( MALACHOWSKI A 1997 ) Ethical behaviour study in UK. Harmonizing To IBE research in UK Sixty per centum of people do nt swear concern leaders to state the truth. The public wants concern to act more reasonably, ethically, and progressively, a committedness to ethical pattern is a criterion for stakeholders. Having a codification of moralss is a powerful tool, but merely if it is rooted in the nucleus values of the concern. Harmonizing to MORI research in 2009 theyfound that 80 % of the public believe that large companies have a moral duty to societybut 61 % besides thought large companies do nt truly care Reflecting this, companies following a codification of moralss were found, over five old ages, to hold outperformed those who did non, harmonizing toA IBE research in April 2003. 90 % of FTSE 100 have a code- but merely 43 % of FTSE 250 concerns do While 90 % of FTSE 100 companies have a codification of moralss or concern behaviors, merely 43 % of those in the FTSE 250 have codifications. Quality varies from excellent to hapless and holding a codification is no confidence that it will be followed. To be effectual a codification needs to be set in into a company. ( web 2 ) Why should a company Be Ethical? There is already something uneven about this inquiry. It is like inquiring, Why are unmarried mans single? They are unmarried by definition. If they were married, they would non be unmarried mans. It is the same with moralss. To state that one should make something is another manner of stating it is ethical. If it is non ethical, so one should non make it. ( web2 ) An organisation has to be ethical in its behavior because it has to be in the competitory universe. We can happen a figure of grounds for being ethical in behavior. Few of them given below: most people want to be ethical in their concern traffics. Valuess give direction credibleness with its employees. Merely perceived moral righteousness and societal concern brings employment regard. Valuess help better determination devising. There are some grounds why concern should seen as ethically To protect its ain involvement To protect the involvement of the concern community as a whole so that the populace will hold trust it To maintain its committedness to society to move ethically To run into stakeholders outlooks To forestall injury to the general populace To construct trust with cardinal stakeholder groups To protect at that place ain reputes To protect their ain employees and make an environment in which workers can move in ways consistent their values Besides, if a corporation reneges in its understandings and expected others to maintain theirs, What are the benefits form pull offing moralss? Several advantages accrue to an endeavor if it is managed ethically. They are following Attention to concern moralss has well improved society: constitution of anti trust Torahs, brotherhoods, and other regulative organic structures has contributed to the development of society. There was a clip when favoritisms and maltreatment of employees were high, the battle equality and equity in workplace ended up in set uping certain low which benefited the society Ethical pattern has contributed towards high productiveness and strong squad work: Organization being aggregation of persons, the values reflected will be different from that of the organisation. Changeless cheque and duologue will guarantee that the value of the employee matches the values of the administration. This will in bend consequence in better cooperation and increased productiveness. Changing state of affairss requires ethical instruction: during unstable times, when confusion becomes the order of the twenty-four hours. One must hold clear ethical guidelines to take right determinations. Ethical preparation will be of great aid in those state of affairss. Such preparation will enable directors manning corporations to expect state of affairss and equip themselves face them straight. Ethical patterns create strong public image: organisations with strong ethical patterns will possess a strong image along with the populace. This image would take to strong and continued trueness of employees, consumers and general populace. Conscious execution of moralss in organisations becomes the basis for the success and image of the organisation. It is because of this ethical perceptual experience that the employees of TESCO and the general populace protested in 1977 when the curate for industries attempted to nationalise the company in India. Strong ethical patterns act as an insurance: if a company have strong ethical patterns of the organisation are an added advantage for the future map of the concern. In the long tally, it would profit if the organisation is equipped to defy the competition ( Fernando 2009 ) Stairss for a company wishing to develop its ain corporate moralss programme 1 ) Find a title-holder The Chief executive officer is organized to drive the debut of a concern morals policy, the opportunities of it being a utile tool are non high. 2 ) Get support from the Chairman and the Board Corporate values and moralss are affairs of control. The board must be enthusiastic non merely about holding such a policy but besides about having regular studies on its operation. 3 ) Find out what fusss people fundamentally back uping a standard codification or copying that of another will non do. It is of import to happen out on what subjects employees require counsel. 4 ) Pick a well-tested theoretical account Use a docket which addresses issues as they affect different components or stockholders of the company such ad stockholders, employees, clients, providers, and local/national community 5 ) Produce a company codification of behavior This should be distributed in brochure signifier, company cyberspace, one-year study. Guidance on how the codification plant should besides be included. 6 ) Try it out foremost The codification needs flying possibly with a sample of employees drawn from all degrees and different locations. An external party such as the Institute of Business Ethics will notice on bill of exchanges. 7 ) Issue the codification and do it cognize Publish and direct the codification to all employees, providers and others. State publically that the company has a codification and transporting out programme that covers the whole company. Put it on your Web Site and direct it to joint-venture and other spouses. 8 ) Make it work Practical illustrations of the codification in action should be introduced into all company internal ( and external ) preparation programmes every bit good as initiation classs. Directors should subscribe off on the codification on a regular basis and a reappraisal mechanism should be established. A codification master demands to be appointed. ( web 3 ) Decision In this essay illustrates How of import is it for companies today to be seen as ethical, in this competitory concern universe ethical behaviors are really of import, because consumers education degree and the ethical behavior point of ideas are high these yearss, and the media such as intelligence documents, wirelesss, telecasting channels and the societal webs ( face book ) all are highlight and concentrate companies un ethical behaviors. How of all time now yearss people besides like to cover with ethical companies. Consumers societal and environmental position extremely increased in the recent old ages, so companies should be seen like every bit ethical today.

World Fusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

World Fusion - Essay Example According to Mathew Montfort, the author of â€Å"Ancient Traditions—Future Possibilities: Rhythmic Training Through The Traditions of Africa, Bali, and India,† he defines it as music consistent of a variety of musical ideas from the world’s traditions. World fusion music is a variant definition of the term world music. To this end, Dr. Robert Brown, an ethnomusicologist from the Center of World Music, used world music in reference to all the traditional music available throughout the world which is inclusive of Cajun and Balinese music. On the other hand, Montfort incorporated the term fusion as a distinguishing term of the contemporary sound by ‘Ancient Future,’ from the traditional music that inspired it (Broughton, Simon, Trillo, and Ellingham, 56). World fusion music has been largely influenced by the cross cultural interaction of people all over the world that resulted into the exchange music. For example, Flamenco music is believed to be the r esult of the cross-cultural interaction between Cale and Andalucian people. Evidently, composers of cross cultural music are driven by the conscious efforts to exhibit the significance of learning and appreciating music from different cultures. The subsequent sections will delve into characteristics of the genre, instruments, culture, religion, prominent composers, aspects of notation, performance venues, and other aspects related to world fusions music. Characteristics of World Fusion World fusion music delves into the realistic musical background within various traditions. To this end, world fusion can be seen as a process involving different stages. The first stage of world fusion music entails the experiences that are evident when musicians drawn from different cultures and devoid of knowledge of each other’s traditions attempt to establish a common ground. In this regard, there are usually mixed results characteristics of great moments and instances of searching (Brought on and Burton, 76) The second stage is characterized with many musicians studying different music types in search of knowledge and inspiration and consequently applying the information acquired to create their art. In this regard, this stage is synonymous with the conception of ‘Ancient Future’ in 1978. The final stage is evident when master musicians drawn from different cultures create world fusion following years of learning from each other and created an understanding of each other traditions. Evidently, the third stage world fusion music is evident in the â€Å"Planet Passion† record produced by Ancient Future. In this regard, whenever master musicians drawn from different cultures perform together, there are a host of benefits which arise. To this end, the musicians achieve growth as they learn new forms and techniques which further enriches their music. World fusion is equally a blending of different musical genres that complement each other and consequent ly enrich knowledge in the global music. Furthermore, there is also a blend in tempo, rhythm, dynamic and style. To this end, world fusion entails a cross cultural music collaboration of indigenous, western classical and folk tunes which result into a unique musical blend. Other musical characteristics of world fusion entail modal and none Western scales, complex rhythmic patterns and melismas (Broughton, Simon, Ellingham, and Trillo, 192). Furthermore, the thematic messages synonymous with world fusion music include exploitation of indigenous people, conservation and political undertones concerning war. The rhythmic characteristics synonymous with world fusions music is evident from the messages normally conveyed. The conveyance of the rhythmic stories reverberates with the daily experiences of life. The

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 8

Case study - Essay Example Josephine and Connor are the parents of 18 month old boy named Taj. They were planning day care centre assistance for his development. They were concerned about his speech as he is not perfect in delivering up proper sentences. They are curious to know is this normal in all kids of this age or do their child having a problem. Sometime, it happens that parent’s don’t understand what their child exactly wants and they fail in understating his requirements/actions and sentences then it frustrates their child and he becomes stubborn. They are worried that if they use day care service then people will consider them bad parents who couldn’t control their child. Both were depressed due to their child behavior and are scared to have a day care service for their child. They are assuming that when their baby having issues at home then he will face issues at day care center as well. Sometimes, it happen that parent gets fail to understand a child’s actions/ sentences and this makes a child stubborn and frustrated. It’s a common issue with almost all kids that in early stages, they can’t deliver proper sentences and can’t elaborate their feelings. A child needs special care and attention in his childhood; parents need patience and love to understand his feelings in his childhood. In the above case, there are two issues related to child’s development. According to Jean Piaget, such issues can get solved by understanding child’s mental status and nature. As in childhood, children are neutral and they just do what they see. Such issues can be handled easily if parents deal them with patience and care. Understanding child’s mental approach helps a lot in understanding his actions. His insight plays a role of maturation (growing up gradually) in childrens rising capacity to explore their world: they cannot perform certain tasks until they become psychologically strong enough to do so. His work has spawned a big deal more, a great extent

Write About How Faulks Introduces the Story in Part 2 of Birdsong Essay Example for Free

Write About How Faulks Introduces the Story in Part 2 of Birdsong Essay Write about how Faulks tells the story in the first section of Part 2, beginning with the words JACK FIREBRACE LAY forty-five feet underground .. And ending with the words A rising melody under the scratch of a thick gramophone needle† (Pages 121 to 138 Vintage Edition). (21 marks) Faulks tells the story of Birdsong in the introduction of Part 2 by instantly creating a dramatic effect by changing every key factor from part 1 to Part 2 including which decade it is in and the characters. The first line of Part 2 instantly creates a gripping effect on the reader. ‘Jack Firebrace lay forty five feet underground’ Faulk’s purposely created a complete change in scenery, plot and person to foreshadow the rest of Part 2 and also make the reader feel as if the story is surreal as such dramatic changes so quickly processed as you are reading it does not feel real, such a dramatic change in one page was purposely done by Faulks to make the reader feel more interested and inquisitive as to why everything has been so dramatically changed. The word ‘Firebrace’ can be split it into two, fire and brace. Fire is a symbolism of chaos, destruction and war which fits in perfectly for the running theme throughout part 2 of Birdsong and fits with destruction of lives, lands and also mental stability all caused by the chaos of a war. However, ‘Brace’ is something which holds things together to give support and putting these two together shows that even though there is fire in the war as long as the men have each other for support they can find a way to get through it and this cr eates an awareness of the war that Faulk’s is trying to show in Part 2. Part 2 shows how the war affected people personally and no matter how aggressive the war became, the inner streams of consciousness of their own thoughts was always worse because some things you see can never escape your mind. ‘There were sounds, distant and irregular. He could not be sure what they were.’ The quote in a literal sense is talking about the sounds they can hear inside the tunnel however; metaphorically it can be interpreted to mean the voices inside their head. The voices can be shown as ‘distant’ because the people who they think of are so far away and out of reach which shows how they miss them even subconsciously. Another connotation of ‘distant’ could be the distant thoughts of dying. These men know that at any minute they could die from this war and that thought should be kept as distant and far as possible to remain an optimistic view of the war because otherwise they are somewhere with death creeping on them but also acknowledge that and became fearful of it constantly and to live a life like that for years on end effects the stability of your mind and how you look at life as a whole. The word ‘irregular’ could have been used by Faulks to symbolise the irregularity of the situation they are in, the irregularities of the war and the irregularities of humanity. Everything they are doing is so irregular and immoral but somehow it is still their job to do so, without knowing anything about the person they are killing they are still killing them. For some reason, this was law this was the rules and nothing was deemed as wrong and this is so irregular and out of normality yet it still happened. This was purposely done by Faulk’s to create awarenes s of the faults in humanity during this period of time. In part 2, sections of the book show a dramatic change of events so instantly. ‘Before he could finish there was a roar in the tunnel and a huge ball of earth and rock blew past them. It took four men with it.’ The section goes from being very tense with the edge of your seat effect and anticipating a climax event, knowing something is about to happen and then suddenly in one sentence all changes from the emotions of the characters, the destination to the status of living and dead. Such grave factors have changed in one sentence. Faulks purposely does this to create a change in structure and show how at any point anything can happen. ‘It took four men with it.’ This line is monosyllabic; this is intentionally done by Faulks to create a contrasting effect. The plot and the structure of the sentence completely contrast each other as what the quote says is four people have just died, their lives gone and no more yet the simplicity of the language the one syllable one word makes it seem so calm natural and simple. This is done by Faulk’s to show contrast in plot and structure in part 2. The effect of symbolism to refer to past events and character is used in Part 2. ‘Evans had tried to light a candle but there was not enough oxygen. The match burned bright red but would not flame.’ This can be seen as reference to ‘The Red Room’ in Part 1 of the book. The red room was always seen to the reader as a room of passion and lust where Stephan and Isabelle had united however, the flame was never fully burnt, this could have been because of the fact they both knew they were in the wrong or the fact that the true emotion of love wasn’t perfectly there. There was not enough oxygen to light the flame. The double meaning behind this showed Isabelle’s true feelings towards Azaire and possibly Stephan also. She could try as hard as it was possible to show love and true intimacy but the truth of her emotions was that they were never completely whole and there. Without oxygen you cannot light a flame and without true feeling you cannot have love. The use of the words ‘light’ and ‘flame’ and how they are lost is also part of the running theme throughout the novel; the loss of hope is represented by loss and in this quotation lack of light. On pages 126-127 Jack receives a letter from his ex-wife Margaret. The structure is very neat and in line, the number of lines per paragraph is roughly the same amount and punctuation is very neat. No short sentences or any other literary devises are used to create any dramatic effects. This could show how Margaret is trying to remain calm even with the knowledge that both her son and her husband are in possibility of dying. The letter also quotes ‘as you will imagine it is not easy getting medicine and the doctors to look after him with so much going on at the front which is how it should be.’ Faulks creates awareness of the war and how it affected not only the soldiers out there fighting but also the citizens at home fighting as all priorities were on the war and this was not wrong but this mean that people at home were also dying from lack of necessities in place, people that if the war had not happened would not have died as well as the millions of soldiers. To conclude, Faulks introduced Part 2 by dramatically changing events and also creating a theme of lost hope to symbolise how the characters and also people that were part of WW1 did emotionally feel. Personally, I think that the introduction of part 2 was written to show awareness of the horrors of war. Faulk’s wanted to show to his readers how difficult and life changing this war really was. Faulks shows in his introduction that you were killed by your own men if you committed a mistake like sleeping on the job. Something as small a mistake as that could get you killed. In birdsong men ‘he had never touched tobacco’ and then it turned into ‘now it was his greatest comfort.’ Tobacco kills you slowly yet that becomes the greatest comfort that is how grave it was, how the only way to make you feel better was to kill yourself slowly rather than in one shot. The fact men had never tried it but now it was their pain reliever shows just how the war changed people so much physically as well as mentally. Stability was lost and men became killing machines this was not humane. Faulk’s shows this as he writes in every word of the true horrors, people dying flames not being lit properly, men losing each other no stability at all and all to create awareness.

Animal Rights :: Essays Papers

Animal Rights As Doctor Zola-Morgan stated in a speech to animal right activists, "I've seen the impact of the animal rights movement. I believe this is an attack on science of the worst kind. If we allow it to prevail it will take us back to the dark ages." Too much of the public has come to think of medical researchers as "tormenters rather than healers." The good is overlooked and the bad is exploited. Although many people think that animal research is morally wrong, animal research should continue because it is critical to continued progress in human health and alternatives to research animals are not available. Animal rights activists feel that animal research is immoral. They do not see where we as human beings see or feel that we are the dominant species. They often assert that research with animals causes severe pain and that many research animals are abused. The activists do not feel the need to put the animals through such pain. Many of the experiments are replicated also which causes an unneeded demand for animals to perform experiments. Experiments which have already been proven are still being experimented with. However, animal research is an integral part of today's society when thinking of how much progress we have gained in human health with the use of animal experimentation. To date some forty-one Nobel prizes have been awarded to scientists whose achievements depended on laboratory animals. Vaccines against polio, diphtheria, mumps, measles, rubella, and smallpox would not have been possible without such experiments. There also would not be such important techniques such as open heart surgery, brain surgery, coronary bypass, microsurgery to re-attached limbs, organ transplants, and correction of congenital heart defects. The list goes on about the medical advances that required animal research. Insulin to control diabetes and medications important in the management of asthma, epilepsy, arthritis, ulcers, and hypertensions are a few more to add to the list. To take animal research away would also be to halt our society's advancement of more procedures and more medicines to enhance the better living of humans. In addition, there are no alternatives to animal experimentation that can give the same results that it can. In certain research investigations, cell, tissue, organ cultures, and computer models can be used at least in the preliminary phases of the investigation.

A Minority Document Charles Beard Essay

In The Constitution: A Minority Document Charles Beard argues that the Constitution was written by a group of people who had certain specific economic and political interests. Beard states that the Constitution didn’t reflect the interests of the general population. Beards mentions that the framers largest fear was the corruption of a democratic government. Those with out property were usually excluded from voting, and elections often occurred indirectly to limit the power of the uneducated public. The Constitution was intended to get rid of the character of evil. Beard also states that the Convention members knew from their personal economic affairs the precise results which the new government that they were setting up was designed to attain. It also ensures a division of society into different interests and party’s. Beard also writes that Madison makes the underlying political science of constitution in the tenth number. Here he lays down, in no uncertain language, the principle that the first and elemental concern of every government is economic. The first objective of government is the protection of the diversity in the faculties of men from which the rights of property originate. The most common source of factions is the unequal distribution of property. An unequal distribution of property is inevitable, and from its contending factions will rise in the state. To secure the public good the contending classes cannot be eliminated and their interests are bound to be reflected in politics, the only way out lies in making it difficult for enough contending interests to fuse into a majority.

Personal Philosophy of Nursing

A definition of a Philosophy is â€Å"when someone contemplates, or wonders, about something that serves as the blueprints or guides that incorporates each individual’s value and belief system. † (Chitty & Black, 2007, p. 318) Personal Philosophy of Nursing is the core values and beliefs that a nurse upholds when taking care of another human being. It is the belief that each individual no matter what disease, race, or economic status they have will get treated with the highest regards to compassion, integrity, and respect that they deserve. I Melissa Fielding believe that my personal nursing philosophy on September 13, 2009 would be to treat others as I would want to be treated. I would like to think that each individual patient has earned my compassion, integrity, and respect that they deserve. I choose nursing as my profession, to be able to take my compassion, knowledge, values and beliefs and apply them to the very ones who cannot take care of themselves. I believe that the very core of nursing is to maintain a good relationship with my patient and to be a patient advocate and to treat every human being with dignity and respect. My main focus for nursing to â€Å"practice compassion and respect in all professional relationships, by valuing the dignity, worth, and uniqueness of every individual, unrestricted by considerations of social or economic status, personal attributes, or the nature of the health problems. †(, 2001, p. 1). I will take into consideration each patient who may not be the most pleasant patient as a sign that the patient is afraid of not knowing what is going on with them and I will maintain a calm, professional and reassuring manner with them. My vision for myself as a nurse is to remember to â€Å"promote health and wellness. †(Core of Nursing, 1999) to those in need without prejudice. I would like to provide the best care to all patients remembering that they come from all different backgrounds. To live out my philosophy of nursing, every day I must remember about my patients that I will continue to treat my patients the way that I would want myself or a family member to be treated with allowing them to be involved in the decision making regarding their care, respect, care, compassion, and dignity. I will continue to involve the family members in the decision making by being sympathetic to their own sensitivities, needs, encouragement and fears. I will continue to treat my fellow colleagues with respect, knowing that they can be a help in my values and beliefs when taking care of patients. I will continue to take care of my own health by staying fit, eating right, and getting plenty of rest which will allow me to be the best nurse I can strive for thus being the best caregiver my patients can look forward to. In conclusion, I feel that the philosophy of nursing is a combination of core values, and beliefs that teaches us to treat each human being with the respect, compassion, dignity, and uniqueness, regardless of disease, social or economic status, or race that they deserve. My focus with each patient will be to allow them to have the right to be involved in the decision making of their care as well as allowing their family members to be involved in the decision making. I will maintain my beliefs and values by treating every patient, or coworker with respect that they deserve. I believe that each person has a calling in life and it takes a special person to become a nurse. Nurses have to have a very strong belief and value system in order to give patients the care and compassion they so deserve. I believe that by continuing education and always looking for new ways to learn is the very core and philosophy of nursing. Personal Philosophy of Nursing A definition of a Philosophy is â€Å"when someone contemplates, or wonders, about something that serves as the blueprints or guides that incorporates each individual’s value and belief system. † (Chitty & Black, 2007, p. 318) Personal Philosophy of Nursing is the core values and beliefs that a nurse upholds when taking care of another human being. It is the belief that each individual no matter what disease, race, or economic status they have will get treated with the highest regards to compassion, integrity, and respect that they deserve. I Melissa Fielding believe that my personal nursing philosophy on September 13, 2009 would be to treat others as I would want to be treated. I would like to think that each individual patient has earned my compassion, integrity, and respect that they deserve. I choose nursing as my profession, to be able to take my compassion, knowledge, values and beliefs and apply them to the very ones who cannot take care of themselves. I believe that the very core of nursing is to maintain a good relationship with my patient and to be a patient advocate and to treat every human being with dignity and respect. My main focus for nursing to â€Å"practice compassion and respect in all professional relationships, by valuing the dignity, worth, and uniqueness of every individual, unrestricted by considerations of social or economic status, personal attributes, or the nature of the health problems. †(, 2001, p. 1). I will take into consideration each patient who may not be the most pleasant patient as a sign that the patient is afraid of not knowing what is going on with them and I will maintain a calm, professional and reassuring manner with them. My vision for myself as a nurse is to remember to â€Å"promote health and wellness. †(Core of Nursing, 1999) to those in need without prejudice. I would like to provide the best care to all patients remembering that they come from all different backgrounds. To live out my philosophy of nursing, every day I must remember about my patients that I will continue to treat my patients the way that I would want myself or a family member to be treated with allowing them to be involved in the decision making regarding their care, respect, care, compassion, and dignity. I will continue to involve the family members in the decision making by being sympathetic to their own sensitivities, needs, encouragement and fears. I will continue to treat my fellow colleagues with respect, knowing that they can be a help in my values and beliefs when taking care of patients. I will continue to take care of my own health by staying fit, eating right, and getting plenty of rest which will allow me to be the best nurse I can strive for thus being the best caregiver my patients can look forward to. In conclusion, I feel that the philosophy of nursing is a combination of core values, and beliefs that teaches us to treat each human being with the respect, compassion, dignity, and uniqueness, regardless of disease, social or economic status, or race that they deserve. My focus with each patient will be to allow them to have the right to be involved in the decision making of their care as well as allowing their family members to be involved in the decision making. I will maintain my beliefs and values by treating every patient, or coworker with respect that they deserve. I believe that each person has a calling in life and it takes a special person to become a nurse. Nurses have to have a very strong belief and value system in order to give patients the care and compassion they so deserve. I believe that by continuing education and always looking for new ways to learn is the very core and philosophy of nursing.

Why Being Too Smart at Work is a Bad Thing

Why Being Too Smart at Work is a Bad Thing Being smart is a good thing, right? Well, maybe†¦ The truth is that even though being smart is a good thing for your career, there are downsides to being intelligent. It can foster resentment in colleagues and co-workers, and it can also lead to you taking unnecessary risks because of an inflated sense of your own abilities.Here are just a few reasons why being too smart can actually work against you.1. Greater workloadsWhen you’re known for being intelligent, you’ll be given extra tasks from your managers. This is good in a way, because you’re the person that they trust to get the job done, but it can also lead to you staying late at work or catching up with things over the weekend, whether you’re getting paid for it or not.This is particularly common if you’re a decent writer, as Keith King from the AussieWritings service explains: â€Å"Once you’ve got a reputation for being a good writer, everyone from junior executives to the CEO w ill want you to proofread their emails. It can help you to get ahead, but it can also be very time consuming.†2. More envyIf you’re known for your intelligence, it can make it difficult to befriend your co-workers. They may feel envious, both of your success and of your abilities. Because of this, it can be tricky to get along with them, and even when you manage to make friends, it can still lead to simmering resentment that bubbles up but doesn’t show on the surface.3. Reduced promotion prospectsThis might sound counterintuitive – after all, who wouldn’t want to promote an employee who’s shown intelligence and initiative? Unfortunately, it comes back to politics – if your boss has learned to rely on you, they might not want to lose a good subordinate. If a promotion is being discussed amongst different stakeholders, your boss might even argue against giving you the job.On top of that, if your colleagues are jealous of your success as per our second point, this could have a knock-on effect for your promotion prospects. After all, the ability to work as a team is one of the most sought-after attributes for both graduates and long-term employees.4. Higher expectationsUltimately, if you’re known for being intelligent, you’ll make it more difficult for yourself because people will automatically assume that you’re able to do things. In fact, once you’ve earned a reputation for being intelligent, it’ll stick – and it can often lead to huge amounts of pressure from senior management. If you work as part of a team but you’re perceived to be the most intelligent, it’ll be you who gets hold accountable for performance.ConclusionUltimately, being smart has its advantages, but if you want to succeed at work then you’ll need much more than basic intelligence. You’ll also need common sense and an ability to play the game – most offices have their own internal politics, and smart people tend to find themselves becoming a target. Modesty is key. No matter how smart you are, there’s always something else for you to learn. Don’t allow your ego to get the better of you and focus instead on humility. It’ll make you even smarter in the long run – which will come in useful if you make yourself too invaluable and need to switch to a different company. Smart is good – most of the time. Make it work to your advantage.About author: Olivia is a journalist who always tries to see the bright side of things. She likes to inspire people in her writings and enjoy a mysterious beauty of twilight. Connect with her on Facebook and Twitter.

Learn the Endings of Fifth Declension Latin Nouns

Learn the Endings of Fifth Declension Latin Nouns Latin is an inflected language, meaning that words are modified to express different grammatical categories such as tense, number, gender, or case. Many inflected languages make a distinction between the modification of verbs versus other parts of speech. The inflection of verbs, for instance, is also called conjugation, whereas the inflection of nouns, adjectives, and pronouns is known as declension. Latin nouns possess gender, case, and number (i.e., singular and plural). While the declensions generally delineate number and case, gender does have its place in the language, particularly with the neuter nouns. The Latin language has five declensions, each of which is based on the stem. The first declension is considered the –a stem, the second the –o stem, the third is consonantal, the fourth the –u stem, and the fifth the –e stem. Every noun in Latin follows on of these five declensions. Here we will look at the declension of Latin nouns, specifically the fifth declension. Fifth Declension of Latin Nouns The fifth declension nouns in Latin are sometimes called -e stem nouns. The nouns of this declension are few but common. Like the first declension, fifth declension nouns are typically feminine, which a few exceptions. For instance, the word for day (dies) can be either masculine or feminine in the singular, but in the plural, it is masculine.  Meridies, the Latin word for mid-day, is also masculine. Otherwise, the fifth declension nouns are all feminine (all 50 or so of them). The forms of fifth declension are easily taken for third declension forms. But mistaking an accusative plural fifth declension noun for an accusative plural third declension noun, for instance, as long as you have the gender right, should cause no trouble in translation. Most Fifth Declension Nouns in Nominative Singular End in -IES The Rudiments of Latin and English Grammar,  by Alexander Adam (1820) characterizes fifth declension Latin nouns as follows: All nouns of the fifth declension end in ies, except three; fides, faith; spes, hope; res, a thing; and all nouns in ies are of the fifth, except these four; abies, a firtree; aries, a ram; paries, a wall; and quies, rest; which are of the third declension. The Fifth Declension Endings The endings of the masculine or feminine fifth declension are as follows:   Case Singular Plural NOM. -es -es GEN. -ei -erum DAT. -ei -ebus ACC. -em -es ABL. -e -ebus Let’s take a look at these fifth declension endings in action using the Latin word dies, -ei,  f. or m., day. Case Singular Plural NOM. dies dies GEN. diei dierum DAT. diei or die diebus ACC. diem dies ABL. die diebus Here are some other fifth declension nouns for practice: effigies, effigiei, f., effigyfides, fidei, f., faithres, rei, f., thingspes, spei, f., hope. For more information and resources, explore a paradigm of an additional fifth declension noun,  Ã‚  f.  (thinness), complete with macrons and umlauts.

The Global Environment of Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

The Global Environment of Business - Essay Example He decided to venture into employment as a freelance designer and simultaneously opened a sportswear company that collapsed in less than a year due to financial inefficiencies. He then joined Jordache fashion house as a designer as a blue jeans designer where he was able to meet Murjani. On his part, Mohan Murjani was hansdling a failing business and was in need of a new idea. Although he was one of the main brains behind the blue jeans craze in the 70s, his own venture, the Gloria Vanderbilt Jeans was not doing quite well. He sought Hilfiger to design for his company; the Murjani International. His move was targeted at resurrecting the jeans craze that was once a Phenomenon in the 1970s. Furthermore, he wanted to introduce new clothing designs that were less expensive and with a high appeal to the youthful generation. 1988, Murjani, Hilfiger and two other investors bought out Murjani International due to its financial woes and changed the name to Tommy Hilfiger.They moved their head quarters to Hong Kong due to the business connections of one of the partners in Asia. This business venture clicked and sales begun to come quickly and they eventually joined the New York Stock exchange in 1992 although this came to an end in 2006 as it was privatized by the Apax partner fund in London. Consequently, their headquarters were relocated to the Netherlands. Currently, it is considered to be one of the most successful fashion brands in the world. Its profits are believed to be around the region of $1.8 billion per annum. It is rated as one of the most creative and influential design companies in the modern times. Their logo is considered to be one of the most recognizable in the world. Almost each an every adult can be able to recognize the blue, red and white colors of the logo. For this reason, he has been able to expand his local and international appeal through his ever improving and unique

What is Hegel's critique of Kant in Reason as Testing Laws Is Hegel Essay

What is Hegel's critique of Kant in Reason as Testing Laws Is Hegel fair to Kant - Essay Example For Kant the categorical imperative is important mainly because it "determines the will independently of the sensuous motives of which ordinary moral deliberation is suspect."2 Therefore for him there is a marked difference between acting honestly for ones own sake and acting honestly with the belief that truth is a "universal requirement" the latter of which relates to categorical imperative.3 For Kant duty requires more than the universal form of action and he brings out these ideas and notions of the categorical imperative which Kant claims are "merely so many formulations of precisely the same law."Also for him the categorical imperative contains an end which functions as the single limiting condition of moral action. 4 Thus in his book the Formula of the End, Kant says "Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end" Kant goes on to clarify further that if humans are to be treated as "ends in themselves" then each individual should be allowed to choose their own ends at the same time. Furthermore he claims that misleading someone (by lying to them) for a particular Design is the way of using that other person as means rather than an end. Therefore the assertion not to treat humanity as a means but an end, i.e. when they choose to help you themselves. Hegel's criticism of Kant Hegel has made some interesting criticisms of the emptiness that seems to surround the Categorical Imperative when he says that "The criterion of law which Reason possesses within itself, fits every case equally well, and is thus in fact no criterion at all."5 However in the... What is Hegel's critique of Kant in "Reason as Testing Laws† Is Hegel fair to Kant? For Hegel this idea is fruitless in many respects as he thinks that even immoral behaviour would qualify under the test given by Kant' and that there no formulation of a universal set of duties .Thus Hegel's criticism of Kant largely concerns Kant's so called formalism as has been discussed by Julian. Before discussing Hegel's critique of Kant it would be useful to explain the ideas of Kant who expresses interest in the relationship between reason and experience. For Kant knowledge begins with experience in a rather chronological sense. For Kant empirical knowledge should be a "compound of that which we receive through impressions and that which our faculty of cognition supplies from itself". And that reason should become the tool that isolates knowledge from everything empirical from it. Julian has pointed out that Hegel believes that Kant’s idea of a duty does not produce an â€Å"immanent list of duties;†. To be fair this is not one of Kant's objectives at all and it can be safely said that Hegel is missing the point of Kant’s claim, because devising such a list is not possible at all due to people’s differing notions of what morality or duties should be like.In this regard I would like to give the example of local conventions in certain areas. The notion of hospitality in Asian countries allows anyone to be welcome in another’s house and there is hardly any concept of â€Å"unauthorized entrance† as in the case of western countries.